THE FOUR MAIN TYPES OF Coronavirus(COVID-19) VACCINES

Well the covid19 took the world by surprise and it affected everyone and had so much disturbing and bad impacts on the world as a whole...

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Ever since the covid19 outbreak,alot of people from various places all over the world have died ,the death caused by the covid19 pandemic caused alot of tension all over the world and many countries had to experience several lockdowns,it also affected the world economy too....

The truth is that the world was not actually prepared for the covid19 pandemic,It caught alot of people unaware....,the covid19 outbreak affected both the rich and poor,the educated and uneducated,even celebrities too,there were alot of famous people who got infected with the coronavirus and died...

After several chaos that was caused by the coronavirus outbreak,the good news is that scientists have discovered vaccines that helps to control the coronavirus and make our health stay safe from possible attacks from the covid19.....in other words,the vaccines are for immunity against the coronavirus...m

Here are the the four main types of the covid19 vaccines ......

1....WHOLE VIRUS
Many of the conventional vaccines do actually make use of the whole viruses to be able to actually begin to trigger an immune response.....

Well There are actually two kind of p main approaches. ...the Live attenuated vaccines do really make use of a weakened form of the virus which could be able to actually make a replication without it causing any form of illness.... . Well the Inactivated vaccines is been able to actually make use of viruses that do have genetic material which has actually been confirmed to be destroyed so they cannot be able to really replicate, though they can still be able to actually trigger an immune response...

The fact is that Both types do make use of a well-established technology and an effective pathways for the effective kind of regulatory approval, but the truth is that the attenuated ones may actually have the risk of causing disease or diseases in individuals who have weak immune systems and also it do actually often require an effective and a careful cold storage, and that makes it's usuage to become really more challenging especially in the low-resource countries....

The bottom line is that the Inactivated virus vaccines can actually be given to the individuals with a kind of compromised immune systems but they might also actually need an effective cold storage....

2...NUCLEIC ACID

The Nucleic acid vaccines is a type of effective vaccines which do actually make use of the genetic material which is either the DNA or the RNA – in order to be able to actually provide the cells with the basic instructions to be able to actually make the antigen.... well as for the COVID-19, this is often known to be the viral spike protein.... When the genetic material do actually move into the human cells, it do actually make use of our cells' protein factories to be able to really create the antigen that will actually trigger the immune response....

Well the pros of such vaccines is that they are cheap to produce and also they are actually easy to make..... The fact is that Since the antigen is been actually confirmed to be produced inside our own cells and also comes with large quantity then the immune reaction is expected to be actually strong.....

The bad news here is that though this vaccine is effective but for now no RNA or the DNA vaccines have been actually licensed for the human use, and honestly that could really cause more problems with the regulatory approval.....

The RNA vaccines are actually a kind of vaccines that should be stored at an ultra-cold temperature which should be around 70C or lower, and that would honestly be challenging for those countries that lack the cold storage equipment e.g low income countries....

3.....VIRAL VECTOR

The Viral vector vaccines is a type of vaccines which job is to be able to actually give the cells an effective kind of genetic instructions to be able to actually produce the antigens.

But the vaccine is actually different from the nucleic acid vaccines because they do actually make use of harmless virus, which is totally different from the actual one that the vaccine is basically targeting, to be able to make an accurate delivery of the instructions into the cell...

Well the one type of virus which is often used as a vector is named the " adenovirus", it is known to often cause the common cold..just As also with the nucleic acid vaccines, the cellular machinery is been actually hijacked to be able to actually produce an effective antigen from all those instructions, so that an immune response will occur.....

Viral vector is a kind of vaccines which is able to actually mimic the natural type of viral infection and so it should really be able to effectively trigger the strong immune response which is needed, but well since there is also possibilities that many individuals have been exposed to the viruses which are actually been used as the vectors,then that would make some to become immune to it and that will obviously make the vaccine to actually become really less effective...

4.......PROTEIN SUBUNIT

The protein Subunit vaccines is a kind of vaccine that do actually make use of pieces of the pathogen... -which are often fragments of the protein - in order to actually trigger an immune response....

By Doing so it is possible to minimize the risk of any kind of side effects, but the truth is that it really also means that the immune response may really have become or be weaker, this is why the adjuvants are required in order to be able to actually boost the immune response.,the hepatitis B vaccine is really an example of a Subunit vaccines......