PREPARING SOAP FROM LOCAL RAW MATERIAL.

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Good afternoon hivers.. today we going to talk about how soap are made in a local way, firstly what the you understand by the word soap?
Soap is a cleansing agent which produces lather or foam with water.local soap is made from Palm oil and alkali obtained from ashes.modern soap is made from alkali and palm kernel oil or any other vegetable oil.the art of soap making was known a very long time ago by our ancestors.in southern Nigeria, where palm trees are abundant, ash obtained from burnt Palm bunch wastes and oil were used.
Throughout Nigeria, black soap is made from local oils and alkalis obtained from things like wood ash and plantain husks.materials for making local soap include:water, palm oil and alkali from ashes.

Steps on how to go about it: burn some dry plantain husks in a large clean container,pour water on the ashes and boil the mixture.fliter the mixture to obtain a filtrate.heat the filtrate in a pan to evaporate most of the water from it. Then add palm oil to the filtrate.continue heating and stirring the mixture untill it becomes well mixed.allow the mixture to cool and set.what you have prepared is a local soap.the soap produced in this way is black because of the locally prepared alkali used.also brunch waste obtained from Palm trees can be used instead of plantain husks. @mayorkeyz and @heskay.. made my child hood an awesome one we go out to look for Materials and we try making all kinds of local soap.. when we run out of cash to get soap.

ALKALI: These are soluble bases,e.g.caustic soda or caustic potash which will turn red litmus paper blue.common alkalis used for producing soap are caustic soda(sodium hydroxide) and caustic potash (potassium hydroxide)only science student will understand this.oil used is palm oil or groundnut oil or palm kernel oil or coconut oil or animal fats.common salt is used to separate the soap from the mixture.
PREPARING SOAP FROM CAUSTIC SODA
a). Heat the palm oil until it becomes colourless or remove the colour with a bleach.
b). Put the colourless oil in a pan and add slightly excess sodium hydroxide solution.
C). Place the pan containing the mixture under a water bath.boil and stir the mixture.after about 10 minutes remove the flame.
d). Add the salt solution to the pan and continue to boil the water.
e). Boil for another 5 minutes and remove the pan from water bath and allow to cool.solid pieces are formed on the surface.this is soap.
f). Repeat this activity but at this time use caustic potash instead of caustic soda.
g). Compare the texture of the soap made with caustic soda and that made with potash.
h). Compare soap made in the local way that made in the modern way.

THANKS FOR REVIEWING MY POST.AND I WILL BE GLAD TO SEE YOU ALL GIVE IT A TRIAL